Zinc: Zinc is required for the activity of numerous enzymes and transcription factors, functioning as a cofactor for DNA and RNA polymerases, alkaline phosphatases, and enzymes involved in protein synthesis and cell division.[1] Adequate zinc levels support immune defenses, tissue growth, and wound healing. In Tralement, zinc supplementation helps maintain normal plasma zinc concentrations during long-term TPN, as zinc is predominantly eliminated via the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys.[2]
Copper: Copper is an essential cofactor for many metalloenzymes (cuproenzymes) that drive critical biochemical reactions.[6] These include enzymes for energy production, connective-tissue formation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and iron metabolism, such as ceruloplasmin and cytochrome c oxidase. Copper is also important for immune system function and antioxidant defense. In the body, about 95% of plasma copper is carried by ceruloplasmin, and excess copper is excreted in bile.[4]
Manganese: Manganese serves as a cofactor for multiple enzymes involved in metabolism and antioxidant protection.[7] It is required for mitochondrial superoxide dismutase and various transferases and hydrolases in carbohydrate and amino-acid metabolism. The manganese in Tralement (55 mcg/mL) aligns with recommended daily parenteral intakes.[4]
Selenium: Selenium is incorporated into selenoproteins, many of which have antioxidant or endocrine functions.[8] The selenium dose in Tralement (60 mcg/mL) minimizes the risk of toxicity.[4]
Overall, Tralement supplies these four trace elements in physiologic amounts, maintaining metabolic balance in patients requiring intravenous nutrition.
Selenium Injection
Zinc Sulfate Injection
Calcium Gluconate Injection
Magnesium Chloride Injection